Kanji - On'yomi - Kun'yomi - Meaning
数 - Sū - Kazu - Number
多 - Ta - Ō(i) - Many,Much
少 - Shō - Suku(nai)-Suko(shi) - Few,Little
万 - Man - Yorozu - Ten Thousand
半 - Han - Naka(ba) - Half
形 - Kei/Gyō - Katachi - Shape
太 - Ta - Futo(i) - Fat
細 - Sai - Hoso(i) - Thin
広 - Kō - Hiro(i) - Wide
長 - Chō - Naga(i) - Long
点 - Ten - Point
丸 - Gan - Maru - Circle
交 - Kō - Maji(waru) - Mix
光 - Kō - Hikari - Light
角 - Kaku - Kado/Tsuno/Sumi - Angle,Corner
計 - Kei - Haka(ru) - Measure
直 - Choku/Jiki - Tada(chi)/Nao(su) - Straight,Correct
線 - Sen - Line
矢 - Shi - Ya - Arrow
弱 - Jaku - Yowa(i) - Weak
強 - Kyō - Tsuyo(i) - Strong
高 - Kō - Taka(i) - Tall,High
同 - Dō - Ona(ji) - Same
親 - Shin - Oya - Parent
母 - Bo - Haha/Kaa - Mother
父 - Fu - Chichi/Tou - Father
姉 - Shi - Ane - Elder Sister
兄 - Kei - Ani - Elder Brother
妹 - Mai - Imōto - Younger Sister
弟 - Tei/Dai - Otōto - Younger Brother
自 - Ji/Shi - Mizuka(ra) - Oneself
友 - Yū - Tomo - Friend
体 - Tai - Karada - Body
毛 - Mō - Ke - Hair
頭 - Tō - Atama - Head
顔 - Gan - Kao - Face
首 - Shu - Kubi - Neck
心 - Shin - Kokoro - Heart
時 - Ji - Toki - Time
曜 - Yō - Weekday
朝 - Chō - Asa - Morning
昼 - Chū - Hiru - Daytime
夜 - Ya - Yoru - Night
分 - Fun/Bun - Wa(karu) - Minute,Understand
週 - Shū - Week
春 - Shun - Haru - Spring
夏 - Ka - Natsu - Summer
秋 - Shū - Aki - Autumn
冬 - Tō - Fuyu - Winter
今 - Kon - Ima - Now
新 - Shin - Atara(shii) - New
古 - Ko - Fuyu(i) - Old
間 - Kan/Ken - Ma/Aida - Interval
方 - Hō - Kata - Direction
北 - Hoto - Kita - North
南 - Nan - Minami - South
東 - Tō - Higashi/Azuma - East
西 - Sei/Sai - Nishi - West
遠 - En - Tō(i) - Far
近 - Kin - Chika(i) - Near
前 - Zen - Mae - Front
後 - Go/Kou - Noshi/Ushi(ro)/Ato - Behind
内 - Nai - Uchi - Inside
外 - Gai/Ge - Soto/Hoka/Hazu(su) - Outside
場 - Jō - Ba - Place
地 - Chi/Ji - - Ground
国 - Koku - Kuni - Country
園 - En - Sono - Garden
谷 - Koku - Tani - Valley
野 - Ya - No - Field
原 - Gen - Hara - Field,Origin
里 - Ri - Sato - Village
市 - Shi - Ichi - City
京 - Kyō/Kei - - Capital
風 - Fū - Kaze - Wind
雪 - Setsu - Yuki - Snow
雲 - Un - Kumo - Cloud
池 - Chi - Ike - Pond
海 - Kai - Umi - Sea
岩 - Gan - Iwa - Rock
星 - Sei - Hoshi - Star
室 - Shitsu - Muro - Room
戸 - Ko - To/Be - Door
家 - Ka/Ke - Ie - House
寺 - Ji - Tera - Buddhist Temple
通 - Tsū - Tō(ru) - Pass Through
門 - Mon - Kado - Gates
道 - Dō - Michi - Road
話 - Wa - Hanashi - Talk
言 - Gen/Gon - I(u)/Koto - Say
答 - Tō - Kota(eru) - Answer
声 - Sei - Koe - Voice
聞 - Bun/Mon - Ki(ku) - Hear
語 - Go - Kata(ru) - Language
読 - Doku - Yo(mu) - Read
書 - Sho - Ka(ku) - Write
記 - Ki - Shiru(su) - Write Down
紙 - Shi - Kami - Paper
画 - Ga/Kaku - Picture
絵 - Kai - E - Picture
図 - Zu - Haka(ru) - Drawing
工 - Kō/Ku - - Craft
教 - Kyō - Oshi(eru) - Teach
晴 - Sei - Hare - Fine
思 - Shi - Omo(u) - Think
考 - Kō - Kanga(eru) - Think About
知 - Chi - Shi(ru) - Know
才 - Sai/Zai - Wazukani/Zae - Ability
理 - Ri - Kotowari - Reason
算 - San - Calculate
作 - Saku - Tsuku(ru) - Make
元 - Gen/Gan - Moto - Origin
食 - Shoku - Ta(beru)/Ku(u) - Eat,Meal
肉 - Niku - - Meat
馬 - Ba - Uma/Ma - Horse
牛 - Gyū - Ushi - Cow
魚 - Gyo - Uo/Sakana - Fish
鳥 - Chō - Tori - Bird
羽 - U - Ha/Hane - Feather
鳴 - Mei - Na(ku) - Chirp
麦 - Baku - Mugi - Wheat
米 - Bei/Mai - Kome - Rice
茶 - Cha/Sa - - Tea
色 - Shoku - Iro - Colour
黄 - Ō - Ki - Yellow
黒 - Koku - Kuro - Black
来 - Rai - Ku(ru) - Come
行 - Kō/Gyō - I(ku)/Yu(ku)/Okonau - Go
帰 - Ki - Kae(ru) - Return Home
歩 - Ho - Aru(ku)/Ayu(mu) - Walk
走 - Sō - Hashi(ru) - Run
止 - Shi - To(maru) - Stop
活 - Katsu - I(kiru) - Active
店 - Ten - Mise - Store
買 - Bai - Ka(u) - Buy
売 - Bai - U(ru) - Sell
午 - Go - Uma - Noon
汽 - Ki - - Steam
弓 - Kyū - Yumi - Bow
回 - Kai - - To Revolve,-times
会 - Kai/E - A(u) - Association
組 - So - Kumi - Association/Team
船 - Sen - Fune - Ship
明 - Mei - Aka(rui) - Bright
社 - Sha - Yashiro - Company
切 - Setsu - Ki(ru) - Cut
電 - Den - - Electricity
毎 - Mai - - Every
合 - Gō - A(u) - Fit
当 - Tō - A(taru) - Hit
台 - Dai/Tai - Base
楽 - Raku - Tano(shii) - Pleasure
公 - Kou - Ōyake - Public
引 - In - Hi(ku) - Pull
科 - Ka - - Section
歌 - Ka - Uta - Song
刀 - Tō - Katana - Sword
番 - Ban - - Number
用 - Yō - Machi(iru) - Use
何 - Ka - Nani/Nan - What
The Larger Shout
Hello and welcome to my blog, I hope you like it and try to find some useful information on learning Japanese. I'm the middle of teaching myself, so if you know more about Japanese than I do, or have a suggestion on how a post would be more helpful in it's set up, please leave a comment and I shall work on fixing the post and past posts.
Monday, December 7, 2009
Kanji - Grade 1
Here is a list of Kanji that I found off different sites and with the help of the all wonderful wikipedia and wiktionary I was able to find the kun'yomi and on'yomi. The set up will be Kanji - On'yomi - Kun'yomi - Meaning
一 - Ichi/Itsu - Hito(tsu)- One
二 - Ni/Ji - Futa(tsu) - Two
三 - San - Mi(tsu) - Three
四 - Shi - Yon/Yo(ttsu) - Four
五 - Go - Itsu(tsu) - Five
六 - Roku - Mu(ttsu) - Six
七 - Shichi - Nana(tsu) - Seven (Nana(7) is used in conversation because Shichi is considered unlucky)
八 - Hachi - Ya(ttsu) - Eight
九 - Kyuū/Kyu - Kokono(tsu) - Nine
十 - Jū - Tō - Ten
百 - Hyaku - Momo - Hundred
千 - Sen - Chi - Thousand
上 - Jō - Ue - Above/Top
下 - Ka/Ge - Shita - Below
左 - Sa - Hidari - Left
右 - U/Yū - Migi - Right
中 - Chū - Naka - Inside/Middle
大 - Dai - Ō - Large
小 - Shō - Chii(sai) - Small
月 - Gatsu/Getsu - Tsuki - Moon/Month
日 - Nichi - Hi - Day/Sun
年 - Nen - Toshi - Year
早 - Sō - Haya(i) - Early
木 - Boku/Moku - Ki - Tree
林 - Rin - Hayashi - Woods
山 - San - Yama - Mountain
川 - Sen - Kawa - River
土 - Do - Tsuchi - Soil
空 - Kū - Sora - Sky
田 - Den - Ta - Rice Paddy
天 - Ten - Ama - Heaven/Sky
生 - Sei/Shō - I(kiru)/Umu/Nama - Life
花 - Ka - Hana - Flower
草 - Sō - Kusa - Grass
虫 - Chū - Mushi - Insect
犬- Ken - Inu - Dog
人 - Jin/Nin - Hito - Person
名 - Mei/Myō - Na - Name
女 - Jo/Nyo - On'na - Female
男 - Dan/Nana - Otoko - Male
子 - Shi/Su - Ko - Child
目 - Moku -Me - Eye
耳 - Ji/Ni - Mimi - Ear
口 - Kō - Kuchi - Mouth
手 - Shu - Te - Hand
足 - Soku - Ashi - Foot/Leg
見 - Ken - Mi(ru) - See
音 - On - Ne/Oto - Sound
力 - Riki-Ryoku - Chikara - Power
気 - Ki/Ke - Spirit
円 - En - Maru - Yen/Circle
入 - Nyū - Hai(ru)/I(ru) - Enter
出 - Shutsu - De(ru) - Exit
立 - Ritsu - Ta(tsu) - Stand up
休 - Rest - Kyū - Yasu(mu)
先 - Sen - Saki - Previous
夕 - Seki - Yū - Evening
本 - Hon - Moto - Book
文 - Bun/Mon - Fumi - Writing
字 - Ji - Azana - Character
学 - Gaku - Mana(bu) - Study
校 - Kō - School
村 - Son - Mura - Village
町 - Chō - Machi - Town
森 - Shin - Mori - Forest
正 - Sei - Tada(shii) - Correct
水 - Sui - Mizu - Water
火 - Ka - Hi - Fire
玉 - Gyoku - Tama - Gem
王 - Ō - King
石 - Seki - Ishi - Stone
竹 - Chiku - Take - Bamboo
糸 - Shi - Ito - Thread
貝 - - Kai - Shellfish
車 - Sha - Kurama - Wheeled Vehicle
金 - Kin - Kane - Gold
雨 - U - Ame - Rain
赤 - Seki - Aka - Red
青 - Sei - Ao - Blue
白 - Haku - Shiro - White
一 - Ichi/Itsu - Hito(tsu)- One
二 - Ni/Ji - Futa(tsu) - Two
三 - San - Mi(tsu) - Three
四 - Shi - Yon/Yo(ttsu) - Four
五 - Go - Itsu(tsu) - Five
六 - Roku - Mu(ttsu) - Six
七 - Shichi - Nana(tsu) - Seven (Nana(7) is used in conversation because Shichi is considered unlucky)
八 - Hachi - Ya(ttsu) - Eight
九 - Kyuū/Kyu - Kokono(tsu) - Nine
十 - Jū - Tō - Ten
百 - Hyaku - Momo - Hundred
千 - Sen - Chi - Thousand
上 - Jō - Ue - Above/Top
下 - Ka/Ge - Shita - Below
左 - Sa - Hidari - Left
右 - U/Yū - Migi - Right
中 - Chū - Naka - Inside/Middle
大 - Dai - Ō - Large
小 - Shō - Chii(sai) - Small
月 - Gatsu/Getsu - Tsuki - Moon/Month
日 - Nichi - Hi - Day/Sun
年 - Nen - Toshi - Year
早 - Sō - Haya(i) - Early
木 - Boku/Moku - Ki - Tree
林 - Rin - Hayashi - Woods
山 - San - Yama - Mountain
川 - Sen - Kawa - River
土 - Do - Tsuchi - Soil
空 - Kū - Sora - Sky
田 - Den - Ta - Rice Paddy
天 - Ten - Ama - Heaven/Sky
生 - Sei/Shō - I(kiru)/Umu/Nama - Life
花 - Ka - Hana - Flower
草 - Sō - Kusa - Grass
虫 - Chū - Mushi - Insect
犬- Ken - Inu - Dog
人 - Jin/Nin - Hito - Person
名 - Mei/Myō - Na - Name
女 - Jo/Nyo - On'na - Female
男 - Dan/Nana - Otoko - Male
子 - Shi/Su - Ko - Child
目 - Moku -Me - Eye
耳 - Ji/Ni - Mimi - Ear
口 - Kō - Kuchi - Mouth
手 - Shu - Te - Hand
足 - Soku - Ashi - Foot/Leg
見 - Ken - Mi(ru) - See
音 - On - Ne/Oto - Sound
力 - Riki-Ryoku - Chikara - Power
気 - Ki/Ke - Spirit
円 - En - Maru - Yen/Circle
入 - Nyū - Hai(ru)/I(ru) - Enter
出 - Shutsu - De(ru) - Exit
立 - Ritsu - Ta(tsu) - Stand up
休 - Rest - Kyū - Yasu(mu)
先 - Sen - Saki - Previous
夕 - Seki - Yū - Evening
本 - Hon - Moto - Book
文 - Bun/Mon - Fumi - Writing
字 - Ji - Azana - Character
学 - Gaku - Mana(bu) - Study
校 - Kō - School
村 - Son - Mura - Village
町 - Chō - Machi - Town
森 - Shin - Mori - Forest
正 - Sei - Tada(shii) - Correct
水 - Sui - Mizu - Water
火 - Ka - Hi - Fire
玉 - Gyoku - Tama - Gem
王 - Ō - King
石 - Seki - Ishi - Stone
竹 - Chiku - Take - Bamboo
糸 - Shi - Ito - Thread
貝 - - Kai - Shellfish
車 - Sha - Kurama - Wheeled Vehicle
金 - Kin - Kane - Gold
雨 - U - Ame - Rain
赤 - Seki - Aka - Red
青 - Sei - Ao - Blue
白 - Haku - Shiro - White
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Learning Japanese 6
Japanese is a very hierarchical language according to the social position of the person talking and the person listening, the talker will use certain words which he or she would never use in other situations. Also Japanese spoken by men is quite different from that spoken by women. There are expressions, words, and constructions which a man would never use for fear of sounding effeminate and vice versa.
There isn't one way to say 'I' in Japanese. There is a huge variety of pronouns, both in first and second persons. The third person is the exception. Depending on your gender and who you are talking to, you will use a different personal pronoun.
Ex.:
A) A 40-year-old Osaka born employee in an important company.
1) If he is talking to his boss: Watashi
2) If he is talking to his wife: Washi
B) A 20-year-old girl
1) If she is talking to her boyfriend: Atashi
2) If she is talking to a teacher: Watashi
C) A 25-year-old male student
1) If he is talking to another student: Ore
2) If he is talking with the father of a friend: Boku
Now below, you can see some of the most common and important ones.
(M) = Masculine (Usually used by males)
(F) = Feminine (Usually used by females)
(B) = Both (Used by both)
Formality Level---Singular(I)-----Plural(We)
Very Formal-------わたくし----------わたくしども
------------------Watakushi(B)----Watakushidomo(B)
Formal------------私--------------わたくしたち
------------------Watashi(B)------Watakushitachi(B)
------------------あたくし-----------わたしたち
------------------Atakushi(F)-----Watashitachi(B)
Informal----------僕--------------ぼくたち
------------------Boku(M)--------Bokutachi(M)
------------------あたし-----------ぼくら
------------------Atashi(F)------Bokura(M)
---------------------------------あたしたち
---------------------------------Atashitachi(F)
---------------------------------あたしら
---------------------------------Atashira(F)
Very Informal-----俺-------------おれたち
------------------Ore(M)---------Oretachi(M)
The second person singular 'you' is very close to the first person.
Ex.:
Someone you don't know: Anata
A girl to a close female friend: Anta
A boy to his girlfriend: Kimi
A boy to his male friend: Omae
Formality Level---Singular(You)-----Plural(You)
Formal------------あなた-------------あなたがた
------------------Anata(B)---------Anatagata(B)
Informal----------君----------------きみたち
------------------Kimi(M)----------Kimitachi(M)
-----------------------------------あなたたち
-----------------------------------Anatatachi(B)
-----------------------------------きみら
-----------------------------------Kimira(M)
Very Informal-----お前--------------おまえたち
------------------Omae(M)----------Omaetachi(M)
------------------あんた------------おまえら
------------------Anta(F)---------Omaera(M)
----------------------------------あんたたち
----------------------------------Antatachi(F)
----------------------------------あんたら
----------------------------------Antara(F)
But very often, instead of using the proper pronoun, we use the person's name, title, or profession, even if we are talking to them.
Ex.: "You are intelligent."
Talking to a teacher:
先生は頭がいいです。
Sensei wa atama ga ii desu.
Sensei - teacher / wa - SP / atama ga ii - intelligent / desu - verb to be
Talking to Tanaka:
田中さんは頭がいいです。
Tanaka-san wa atama ga ii desu.
It may seem that we are talking about a third person, but it's actually face to face.
The third person, he/she is a special case. The Japanese don't use the he/she pronouns much. They simply use the name or title of the person they want to talk about.
An example already used is:
先生は頭がいいです。
Which can be translated two different ways.
1) You are intelligent.
2) The teacher is intelligent.
The difference is, that in the first case, we are talking with the teacher, and in the second case, we are talking about the teacher. WE can only tell whether we must use second or third person through the context.
Still Japanese does have third person pronouns which are:
彼 (kare) he
彼女 (kanojo) she
Be careful with these pronouns! They can also mean, respectfully, 'boyfriend' and 'girlfriend', depending on the context.
When you say the sentence:
彼女は頭がいいです。
Kanojo wa atama ga ii desu.
People might understand this as 'My girlfriend is intelligent.' instead of 'She is intelligent.', which is what you might have wanted to say.
The plural is very similar to the singular as far as the use goes.
The third person plural is 彼ら (karera) they (talking about men) and 彼女たち (kanojotachi) they (talking about women).
Other pronouns that weren't shown earlier are:
Washi(I) - Men over 40 (often dialectal)
Asshi(I) - Women in informal situations
Kisama(You) - Used threateningly by men
Temee(You) - Used by angry men
There are more, but a bit of advice that is very useful would be to use 'watashi' in all situations. It's easy to remember, you will never make a mistake, and people you are talking to will think you are most polite.
There isn't one way to say 'I' in Japanese. There is a huge variety of pronouns, both in first and second persons. The third person is the exception. Depending on your gender and who you are talking to, you will use a different personal pronoun.
Ex.:
A) A 40-year-old Osaka born employee in an important company.
1) If he is talking to his boss: Watashi
2) If he is talking to his wife: Washi
B) A 20-year-old girl
1) If she is talking to her boyfriend: Atashi
2) If she is talking to a teacher: Watashi
C) A 25-year-old male student
1) If he is talking to another student: Ore
2) If he is talking with the father of a friend: Boku
Now below, you can see some of the most common and important ones.
(M) = Masculine (Usually used by males)
(F) = Feminine (Usually used by females)
(B) = Both (Used by both)
Formality Level---Singular(I)-----Plural(We)
Very Formal-------わたくし----------わたくしども
------------------Watakushi(B)----Watakushidomo(B)
Formal------------私--------------わたくしたち
------------------Watashi(B)------Watakushitachi(B)
------------------あたくし-----------わたしたち
------------------Atakushi(F)-----Watashitachi(B)
Informal----------僕--------------ぼくたち
------------------Boku(M)--------Bokutachi(M)
------------------あたし-----------ぼくら
------------------Atashi(F)------Bokura(M)
---------------------------------あたしたち
---------------------------------Atashitachi(F)
---------------------------------あたしら
---------------------------------Atashira(F)
Very Informal-----俺-------------おれたち
------------------Ore(M)---------Oretachi(M)
The second person singular 'you' is very close to the first person.
Ex.:
Someone you don't know: Anata
A girl to a close female friend: Anta
A boy to his girlfriend: Kimi
A boy to his male friend: Omae
Formality Level---Singular(You)-----Plural(You)
Formal------------あなた-------------あなたがた
------------------Anata(B)---------Anatagata(B)
Informal----------君----------------きみたち
------------------Kimi(M)----------Kimitachi(M)
-----------------------------------あなたたち
-----------------------------------Anatatachi(B)
-----------------------------------きみら
-----------------------------------Kimira(M)
Very Informal-----お前--------------おまえたち
------------------Omae(M)----------Omaetachi(M)
------------------あんた------------おまえら
------------------Anta(F)---------Omaera(M)
----------------------------------あんたたち
----------------------------------Antatachi(F)
----------------------------------あんたら
----------------------------------Antara(F)
But very often, instead of using the proper pronoun, we use the person's name, title, or profession, even if we are talking to them.
Ex.: "You are intelligent."
Talking to a teacher:
先生は頭がいいです。
Sensei wa atama ga ii desu.
Sensei - teacher / wa - SP / atama ga ii - intelligent / desu - verb to be
Talking to Tanaka:
田中さんは頭がいいです。
Tanaka-san wa atama ga ii desu.
It may seem that we are talking about a third person, but it's actually face to face.
The third person, he/she is a special case. The Japanese don't use the he/she pronouns much. They simply use the name or title of the person they want to talk about.
An example already used is:
先生は頭がいいです。
Which can be translated two different ways.
1) You are intelligent.
2) The teacher is intelligent.
The difference is, that in the first case, we are talking with the teacher, and in the second case, we are talking about the teacher. WE can only tell whether we must use second or third person through the context.
Still Japanese does have third person pronouns which are:
彼 (kare) he
彼女 (kanojo) she
Be careful with these pronouns! They can also mean, respectfully, 'boyfriend' and 'girlfriend', depending on the context.
When you say the sentence:
彼女は頭がいいです。
Kanojo wa atama ga ii desu.
People might understand this as 'My girlfriend is intelligent.' instead of 'She is intelligent.', which is what you might have wanted to say.
The plural is very similar to the singular as far as the use goes.
The third person plural is 彼ら (karera) they (talking about men) and 彼女たち (kanojotachi) they (talking about women).
Other pronouns that weren't shown earlier are:
Washi(I) - Men over 40 (often dialectal)
Asshi(I) - Women in informal situations
Kisama(You) - Used threateningly by men
Temee(You) - Used by angry men
There are more, but a bit of advice that is very useful would be to use 'watashi' in all situations. It's easy to remember, you will never make a mistake, and people you are talking to will think you are most polite.
Monday, November 16, 2009
Learning Japanese 5
Sunday - 日曜日 - Nichiyōbi
Monday - 月曜日 - Getsuyōbi
Tuesday - 火曜日 - Kayōbi
Wednesday - 水曜日 - Suiyōbi
Thursday - 木曜日 - Mokuyōbi
Friday - 金曜日 - Kin'yōbi
Saturday - 土曜日 - Doyōbi
All of the days have the 'yōbi' part the same, just like all the days end in 'day' for us in English. The reason, is because yōbi means day of the week. The kanji before 曜日(yōbi)tells you the day of the week. 日(Nichi - Sun), 月(Getsu - Moon), 火(Ka - Fire), 水(Sui - Water), 木(Moku - Tree), 金(Kin - Metal(Gold)), & 土(Do - Earth). So Sunday is called Sun Day, Monday - Moon Day, Tuesday - Fire Day, Wednesday - Water Day, Thursday - Tree Day, Friday - Metal(Gold) Day, & Saturday - Earth Day.
As I talked about earlier with the kanji 新(new), in Japanese Learning ~ 3, you can see that the kanji 日 is being used twice in Sunday, but once again, is being pronounced two different ways. The first time, it's being pronounced 'nichi' which is the on'yomi way of saying it. 'Nichi is referring to sun and the second time 日 is being used it's being used the kun'yomi way, 'bi' meaning day. The same thing with 月 as it too, has two meanings: Tsuki (moon) and Gatsu (month). It is read differently according to it's meaning.
There are no specific names for the days of the months, in English, we just say "Today is the 1st/25th/16/etc.. of the month." We just use numbers. In Japanese the names of the days do exist... well at least from 1 to 10. From the 11th on, we use the number and all you do is add the word 日(nichi). So if we are on the 26th we will say:
今日は二十六です。
Kyō wa ni jū roku nichi desu.
Today is the 26th.
Kyō - Today / wa - SP / ni jū roku - 26 / nichi - day / desu - verb to be.
The days 1-10 will be a bit of a problem due to their special pronunciations.
Days of the month
1st - Tsuitachi - 一日
2nd - Futsuka - 二日
3rd - Mikka - 三日
4th - Yokka - 四日
5th - Itsuka - 五日
6th - Muika - 六日
7th - Nanoka - 七日
8th - Yōka - 八日
9th - Kokonoka - 九日
10th - Tooka - 十日
11th - Jūichinichi - 十一日
12th - Jūninichi - 十二日
13th - Jūsannichi - 十三日
14th - Jūyokka - 十四日
15th - Jūgonichi - 十五日
16th - Jūrokunichi - 十六日
17th - Jūshichinichi - 十七日
18th - Jūhachinichi - 十八日
19th - Jūkunichi - 十九日
20th - Hatsuka - 二十日
21st - Nijūichinichi - 二十一日
22nd - Nijūninichi - 二十二日
23rd - Nijūsannichi - 二十三日
24th - Nijūyokka - 二十四日
25th - Nijūgonichi - 二十五日
26th - Nijūrokunichi - 二十六日
27th - Nijūshichinichi - 二十七日
28th - Nijūhachinichi - 二十八日
29th - Nijūkunichi - 二十九日
30th - Misoka (Sanjūnichi) - 三十日
31st - Sanjūichinichi - 三十一日
The kanji for the days are simple to remember. They are just the number + 日(kanji for day). As you can see, some of the days are pronounced differently. Ex.: 4th - 四日 is no yonnichi, but pronounced yokka. This is one of the many words with a special reading that you'll have to memorize. As I said earlier days from the 11th+ are no problem except fro the 14th which is pronounced as jūyokka, not as jūyonnichi and the 24th which is pronounced as nijūyokka. Also pay attention to the 17th and 19th which are pronounced as jūshichinichi and jūkunichi. The 20th and 30th also have a different pronunciations, so be careful.
Months
1 - Ichigatsu - 一月
2 - Nigatsu - 二月
3 - Sangatsu - 三月
4 - Shigatsu - 四月
5 - Gogatsu - 五月
6 - Rokugatsu - 六月
7 - Shichigatsu - 七月
8 - Hachigatsu - 八月
9 - Kugatsu - 九月
10 - Jūgatsu - 十月
11 - Jūichigatsu - 十一月
12 - Jūnigatsu - 十二月
In Japanese we don't have month names like we do in English. The Japanese use numbers to name them instead, followed by the kanji 月(Gatsu - Month). So July would be shichigatsu which translates to seventh month. THe pronunciation for April, July, and Semptember are shigatsu, shichigatsu, and kugatsu, NOT yongatsu, nanagatsu or kyūgatsu.
The Japanese, not being Christians, don't follow the Western calendar, which started in remembrance or the birth of Christ. Year 2009 A.D. would be equal to year 21 or the Heisei Era. Although this doesn't mean they don't use our calendar in everyday life. Western influence has overcome tradition and now year 2009 is used as often as year 21 or the Heisei Era, if not more. What is the basis for the Japanese way of counting years? It is based on the reign of the emperors. 1989 was when the first year of the Heisei Era because it was then that the present emperor, Akihito, came to the throne. Here's a look at the most recent eras:
Meiji Era - 1868-1912 - Emperor Mutsuhito
Taishō Era - 1912-1926 - Emperor Yoshihito
Shōwa Era - 1926-1989 - Emperor Hirohito
Heisei Era - 1989- - Emperor Akihito
Monday - 月曜日 - Getsuyōbi
Tuesday - 火曜日 - Kayōbi
Wednesday - 水曜日 - Suiyōbi
Thursday - 木曜日 - Mokuyōbi
Friday - 金曜日 - Kin'yōbi
Saturday - 土曜日 - Doyōbi
All of the days have the 'yōbi' part the same, just like all the days end in 'day' for us in English. The reason, is because yōbi means day of the week. The kanji before 曜日(yōbi)tells you the day of the week. 日(Nichi - Sun), 月(Getsu - Moon), 火(Ka - Fire), 水(Sui - Water), 木(Moku - Tree), 金(Kin - Metal(Gold)), & 土(Do - Earth). So Sunday is called Sun Day, Monday - Moon Day, Tuesday - Fire Day, Wednesday - Water Day, Thursday - Tree Day, Friday - Metal(Gold) Day, & Saturday - Earth Day.
As I talked about earlier with the kanji 新(new), in Japanese Learning ~ 3, you can see that the kanji 日 is being used twice in Sunday, but once again, is being pronounced two different ways. The first time, it's being pronounced 'nichi' which is the on'yomi way of saying it. 'Nichi is referring to sun and the second time 日 is being used it's being used the kun'yomi way, 'bi' meaning day. The same thing with 月 as it too, has two meanings: Tsuki (moon) and Gatsu (month). It is read differently according to it's meaning.
There are no specific names for the days of the months, in English, we just say "Today is the 1st/25th/16/etc.. of the month." We just use numbers. In Japanese the names of the days do exist... well at least from 1 to 10. From the 11th on, we use the number and all you do is add the word 日(nichi). So if we are on the 26th we will say:
今日は二十六です。
Kyō wa ni jū roku nichi desu.
Today is the 26th.
Kyō - Today / wa - SP / ni jū roku - 26 / nichi - day / desu - verb to be.
The days 1-10 will be a bit of a problem due to their special pronunciations.
Days of the month
1st - Tsuitachi - 一日
2nd - Futsuka - 二日
3rd - Mikka - 三日
4th - Yokka - 四日
5th - Itsuka - 五日
6th - Muika - 六日
7th - Nanoka - 七日
8th - Yōka - 八日
9th - Kokonoka - 九日
10th - Tooka - 十日
11th - Jūichinichi - 十一日
12th - Jūninichi - 十二日
13th - Jūsannichi - 十三日
14th - Jūyokka - 十四日
15th - Jūgonichi - 十五日
16th - Jūrokunichi - 十六日
17th - Jūshichinichi - 十七日
18th - Jūhachinichi - 十八日
19th - Jūkunichi - 十九日
20th - Hatsuka - 二十日
21st - Nijūichinichi - 二十一日
22nd - Nijūninichi - 二十二日
23rd - Nijūsannichi - 二十三日
24th - Nijūyokka - 二十四日
25th - Nijūgonichi - 二十五日
26th - Nijūrokunichi - 二十六日
27th - Nijūshichinichi - 二十七日
28th - Nijūhachinichi - 二十八日
29th - Nijūkunichi - 二十九日
30th - Misoka (Sanjūnichi) - 三十日
31st - Sanjūichinichi - 三十一日
The kanji for the days are simple to remember. They are just the number + 日(kanji for day). As you can see, some of the days are pronounced differently. Ex.: 4th - 四日 is no yonnichi, but pronounced yokka. This is one of the many words with a special reading that you'll have to memorize. As I said earlier days from the 11th+ are no problem except fro the 14th which is pronounced as jūyokka, not as jūyonnichi and the 24th which is pronounced as nijūyokka. Also pay attention to the 17th and 19th which are pronounced as jūshichinichi and jūkunichi. The 20th and 30th also have a different pronunciations, so be careful.
Months
1 - Ichigatsu - 一月
2 - Nigatsu - 二月
3 - Sangatsu - 三月
4 - Shigatsu - 四月
5 - Gogatsu - 五月
6 - Rokugatsu - 六月
7 - Shichigatsu - 七月
8 - Hachigatsu - 八月
9 - Kugatsu - 九月
10 - Jūgatsu - 十月
11 - Jūichigatsu - 十一月
12 - Jūnigatsu - 十二月
In Japanese we don't have month names like we do in English. The Japanese use numbers to name them instead, followed by the kanji 月(Gatsu - Month). So July would be shichigatsu which translates to seventh month. THe pronunciation for April, July, and Semptember are shigatsu, shichigatsu, and kugatsu, NOT yongatsu, nanagatsu or kyūgatsu.
The Japanese, not being Christians, don't follow the Western calendar, which started in remembrance or the birth of Christ. Year 2009 A.D. would be equal to year 21 or the Heisei Era. Although this doesn't mean they don't use our calendar in everyday life. Western influence has overcome tradition and now year 2009 is used as often as year 21 or the Heisei Era, if not more. What is the basis for the Japanese way of counting years? It is based on the reign of the emperors. 1989 was when the first year of the Heisei Era because it was then that the present emperor, Akihito, came to the throne. Here's a look at the most recent eras:
Meiji Era - 1868-1912 - Emperor Mutsuhito
Taishō Era - 1912-1926 - Emperor Yoshihito
Shōwa Era - 1926-1989 - Emperor Hirohito
Heisei Era - 1989- - Emperor Akihito
Learning Japanese 4
1 - 一 - Ichi
2 - 二 - Ni
3 - 三 - San
4 - 四 - Shi/Yon
5 - 五 - Go
6 - 六 - Roku
7 - 七 - Nana/Shichi
8 - 八 - Hachi
9 - 九 - Ku/Kyū
10 - 十 - Jū
11 - 十一 - Jū Ichi
12 - 十二 - Jū Ni
13 - 十三 - Jū San
14 - 十四 - Jū Shi/Jū Yon
15 - 十五 - Jū Go
16 - 十六 - Jū Roku
17 - 十七 - Jū Nana/Jū Shichi
18 - 十八 - Jū Hachi
19 - 十九 - Jū Ku/Jū Kyū
20 - 二十 - Ni Jū
As you can see 11 though 19 are pronounced Jū + Number. An example would be 14, which is called Jū Shi or Jū Yon (Literal Translation: Ten-four). Notice that the numbers 4, 7, and 9 have two different pronunciations.
0 - O - Zero
20 - 二十 - Ni Jū
30 - 三十 - San Jū
40 - 四十 - Yon Jū
50 - 五十 - Go Jū
60 - 六十 - Roku Jū
70 - 七十 - Nana Jū / Shichi Jū
80 - 八十 - Hachi Jū
90 - 九十 - Kyū Jū
100 - 百 - Hyaku
200 - 二百 - Ni Hyaku
300 - 三百 - San Byaku
400 - 四百 - Yon Hyaku
500 - 五百 - Go Hyaku
600 - 六百 - Roppyaku
700 - 七百 - Nana Hyaku
800 - 八百 - Happyaku
900 - 九百 - Kyū Hyaku
1000 - 千 - Sen
2000 - 二千 - Ni Sen
3000 - 三千 - San Zen
4000 - 四千 - Yon Sen
5000 - 五千 - Go Sen
6000 - 六千 - Roku Sen
7000 - 七千 - Nana Sen
8000 - 八千 - Hassen
9000 - 九千 - Kyū Sen
10000 - 一万 - Ichi Man
100000 - 十万 - Jū Man
1000000 - 百万 - Hyaku Man
10000000 - 千万 - Sen Man
These get a bit more complicated. We have tens, hundreds, thousands, and then-thousands. Tens are simple since they consist of number + 10. So you can see from 60 (六十) six-ten, which is it's literal translation and 30 (三十) three-ten, also it's literal translation. Pay attention to the two pronunciations of 70. Since 700 is pronounced nana hyaku and 7000 is pronounced nana sen, I would suggest to use nana for 70 and 7. People who speak Japanese might still use shichi for 7, 70, and 700, so keep that in mind. Now as I mentioned about 7, 70, 700 and 7000, 4 and 9 have the same thing. For 4 I believe most people will use yon when saying it, because shi is close the word for death. Only 4 and 14 give you the option of pronouncing it one way or the other. As I said with 7, keep the other way in mind too. 9 is the same as 4, meaning only 9 and 19 give you the option of pronouncing them both ways. I would recommend using kyū since they use it for 90, 900, and 9000, but once again, keep the other pronunciation for 9 and 19 in mind.
The hundred and thousands literal translations are the same as saying it in English. 200 is ni hyaku and literally translated as two hundred, 500 is go hyaku with a literal translation of five hundred. 6000 (roku sen) is translated as six thousand. A helpful hint is pay attention to the pronunciations of 300, 600, 800, 3000, and 8000.
The Japanese don't have the same concept we have for 10000, which is known as ten thousand to us. Instead, they say this number as ichi man, 'one man'. The 'man' numbers are easily confusing, so be careful. 1000000 in Japan would be said as hyaku man, 'one hundred man'. 10000000 would be sen man 'one thousand man'.
1 - 一 - Ichi
11 - 十一 - Jū Ichi
21 - 二十一 - Ni Jū Ichi
121 - 百二十一 - Hyaku Ni Jū Ichi
321 - 三百二十一 - San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
1321 - 千三百二十一 - Sen San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
4321 - 四千三百二十一 - Yon Sen San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
14321 - 一万四千三百二十一 - Ichi Man Yon Sen San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
54321 - 五万四千三百二十一 - Go Man Yon Sen San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
101 - 百一 - Hyaku Ichi
110 - 百十 - Hyaku Jū
4001 - 四千一 - Yon Sen Ichi
4020 - 四千二十 - Yon Sen Ni Jū
50301 - 五万三百一 - Go Man San Byaku Ichi
Above, you can see how to pronounce some numbers.
Western numbers are very often mixed with kanji. The chance of seeing them mixed is even higher when dealing with round numbers. An example would be 3万 (San Man - 30000). To find out the price for something you will always see the kanji for yen (円) after a number. Ex.: 4千円 would be 4000 yen.
2 - 二 - Ni
3 - 三 - San
4 - 四 - Shi/Yon
5 - 五 - Go
6 - 六 - Roku
7 - 七 - Nana/Shichi
8 - 八 - Hachi
9 - 九 - Ku/Kyū
10 - 十 - Jū
11 - 十一 - Jū Ichi
12 - 十二 - Jū Ni
13 - 十三 - Jū San
14 - 十四 - Jū Shi/Jū Yon
15 - 十五 - Jū Go
16 - 十六 - Jū Roku
17 - 十七 - Jū Nana/Jū Shichi
18 - 十八 - Jū Hachi
19 - 十九 - Jū Ku/Jū Kyū
20 - 二十 - Ni Jū
As you can see 11 though 19 are pronounced Jū + Number. An example would be 14, which is called Jū Shi or Jū Yon (Literal Translation: Ten-four). Notice that the numbers 4, 7, and 9 have two different pronunciations.
0 - O - Zero
20 - 二十 - Ni Jū
30 - 三十 - San Jū
40 - 四十 - Yon Jū
50 - 五十 - Go Jū
60 - 六十 - Roku Jū
70 - 七十 - Nana Jū / Shichi Jū
80 - 八十 - Hachi Jū
90 - 九十 - Kyū Jū
100 - 百 - Hyaku
200 - 二百 - Ni Hyaku
300 - 三百 - San Byaku
400 - 四百 - Yon Hyaku
500 - 五百 - Go Hyaku
600 - 六百 - Roppyaku
700 - 七百 - Nana Hyaku
800 - 八百 - Happyaku
900 - 九百 - Kyū Hyaku
1000 - 千 - Sen
2000 - 二千 - Ni Sen
3000 - 三千 - San Zen
4000 - 四千 - Yon Sen
5000 - 五千 - Go Sen
6000 - 六千 - Roku Sen
7000 - 七千 - Nana Sen
8000 - 八千 - Hassen
9000 - 九千 - Kyū Sen
10000 - 一万 - Ichi Man
100000 - 十万 - Jū Man
1000000 - 百万 - Hyaku Man
10000000 - 千万 - Sen Man
These get a bit more complicated. We have tens, hundreds, thousands, and then-thousands. Tens are simple since they consist of number + 10. So you can see from 60 (六十) six-ten, which is it's literal translation and 30 (三十) three-ten, also it's literal translation. Pay attention to the two pronunciations of 70. Since 700 is pronounced nana hyaku and 7000 is pronounced nana sen, I would suggest to use nana for 70 and 7. People who speak Japanese might still use shichi for 7, 70, and 700, so keep that in mind. Now as I mentioned about 7, 70, 700 and 7000, 4 and 9 have the same thing. For 4 I believe most people will use yon when saying it, because shi is close the word for death. Only 4 and 14 give you the option of pronouncing it one way or the other. As I said with 7, keep the other way in mind too. 9 is the same as 4, meaning only 9 and 19 give you the option of pronouncing them both ways. I would recommend using kyū since they use it for 90, 900, and 9000, but once again, keep the other pronunciation for 9 and 19 in mind.
The hundred and thousands literal translations are the same as saying it in English. 200 is ni hyaku and literally translated as two hundred, 500 is go hyaku with a literal translation of five hundred. 6000 (roku sen) is translated as six thousand. A helpful hint is pay attention to the pronunciations of 300, 600, 800, 3000, and 8000.
The Japanese don't have the same concept we have for 10000, which is known as ten thousand to us. Instead, they say this number as ichi man, 'one man'. The 'man' numbers are easily confusing, so be careful. 1000000 in Japan would be said as hyaku man, 'one hundred man'. 10000000 would be sen man 'one thousand man'.
1 - 一 - Ichi
11 - 十一 - Jū Ichi
21 - 二十一 - Ni Jū Ichi
121 - 百二十一 - Hyaku Ni Jū Ichi
321 - 三百二十一 - San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
1321 - 千三百二十一 - Sen San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
4321 - 四千三百二十一 - Yon Sen San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
14321 - 一万四千三百二十一 - Ichi Man Yon Sen San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
54321 - 五万四千三百二十一 - Go Man Yon Sen San Byaku Ni Jū Ichi
101 - 百一 - Hyaku Ichi
110 - 百十 - Hyaku Jū
4001 - 四千一 - Yon Sen Ichi
4020 - 四千二十 - Yon Sen Ni Jū
50301 - 五万三百一 - Go Man San Byaku Ichi
Above, you can see how to pronounce some numbers.
Western numbers are very often mixed with kanji. The chance of seeing them mixed is even higher when dealing with round numbers. An example would be 3万 (San Man - 30000). To find out the price for something you will always see the kanji for yen (円) after a number. Ex.: 4千円 would be 4000 yen.
Saturday, November 14, 2009
Secret Poem
What part of her would he accept?
Would he be okay with the fact that she has hidden it...?
She has a big secret within her...
Don't look so worried.
I'm not going to tell anybody.
A woman should not attack another woman's unhealed wounds.
That is taboo.
I can only quietly watch from his side as his love...
His tragic love...
Comes to an end...
Because I like him too.
I don't care if it's shameful.
I don't care how it looks.
I will fight.
I will struggle.
And I will take what I want.
Even if my best is not enough...
I'm not going down without a fight.
There is no way this can work out well.
A love that should never have been...
I know he will hate me if I tell him everything.
But after he told me that he likes her...
I just can't go on staying silent like this..
I have to at least tell him that she has a secret!
A big big secret...
She really has......
And she.......
Are you really okay with that?
This is her punishment for flying too high...
For the crime of brushing her secret aside.
But....
I swore not to tell anybody...
So why did why did I tell him...?
I thought I had to tell him....
No...
Seeing just how delighted he was when he was talking about her....
I just.... I didn't want to let it continue so I.....
I... I'm sorry... but I didn't know...
That you loved her so much....
Would he be okay with the fact that she has hidden it...?
She has a big secret within her...
Don't look so worried.
I'm not going to tell anybody.
A woman should not attack another woman's unhealed wounds.
That is taboo.
I can only quietly watch from his side as his love...
His tragic love...
Comes to an end...
Because I like him too.
I don't care if it's shameful.
I don't care how it looks.
I will fight.
I will struggle.
And I will take what I want.
Even if my best is not enough...
I'm not going down without a fight.
There is no way this can work out well.
A love that should never have been...
I know he will hate me if I tell him everything.
But after he told me that he likes her...
I just can't go on staying silent like this..
I have to at least tell him that she has a secret!
A big big secret...
She really has......
And she.......
Are you really okay with that?
This is her punishment for flying too high...
For the crime of brushing her secret aside.
But....
I swore not to tell anybody...
So why did why did I tell him...?
I thought I had to tell him....
No...
Seeing just how delighted he was when he was talking about her....
I just.... I didn't want to let it continue so I.....
I... I'm sorry... but I didn't know...
That you loved her so much....
Manga Poem
This is just a small thing I read in a manga. I'm gonna leave out the names, since I think it sounds better without them, enjoy. ^-^
Younger Twin - Princess
Older Twin - Knight
?? - King
There was a Princess
The Princess was loved by everyone
She was a very kind-hearted girl
However, one day,
The Princess attempted suicide
And fell into a deep sleep,
Leaving behind a secret
So then the Knight stepped up
She became the Princess to find out about that secret
As expected the Knight wanted to be able to save the Princess
The key to everything is connected to the King
Younger Twin - Princess
Older Twin - Knight
?? - King
There was a Princess
The Princess was loved by everyone
She was a very kind-hearted girl
However, one day,
The Princess attempted suicide
And fell into a deep sleep,
Leaving behind a secret
So then the Knight stepped up
She became the Princess to find out about that secret
As expected the Knight wanted to be able to save the Princess
The key to everything is connected to the King
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